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5. Again, type a plus sign (+) and click cell C1.

A moving dashed border appears around cell C1. The cell
reference C1 gets added to the formula in cell D1. The 5

formula now reads = A1 + B1 + C1.

6. Press the Enter button in the Formula bar or press the Enter
key.

PRECEDENCE OF OPERATORS IN A FORMULA
Excel supports a variety of operators. The table given below illustrates some common operators and
their order of precedence (order of evaluation) in a formula.

Operator Operation Precedence Example Result

^ Exponent 1 = 5 ^ 2 25
* Multiplication 2 = 6 * 2 12

/ Division 2 = 20 / 4 5

+ Addition 3 = 3 + 5 8

– Subtraction 3 = 10 – 3 7

& Concatenation 4 = "Red " & "Fort" Red Fort

The result of evaluation of different formulas using the precedence of operators are given below.

Formula Result
= 45 – 16 + 2 * 10 49

= 80 / 5 – 2 + 3 * 4 26

=15 – (60 + 5) / 13 + 20 30
= (85 – 40) / (15 – 6) 5

= 5 * 40 / (7 – 2) + 18 / 3 46

USING CELL REFERENCING IN A FORMULA

A Reference identifies a cell or a range of cells in a worksheet, and tells Excel where to look for the
values or data you want to use in a formula.
Cell referencing in Excel is of three types:
• Relative Referencing • Absolute Referencing • Mixed Referencing

Relative Referencing
Relative Referencing is the default cell referencing used in Excel. In relative referencing, cell references
of the cells, containing the data, change when the formula is copied from one cell to another cell.
The references are changed with respect to the new cell where the formula is copied.

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