Page 146 - Computer - 9(A&B)

apart. Additionally, debit and credit cards are provided by banks to its customers using which money can be
paid. These cards have either a magnetic strip or an embedded chip, for enhanced security of the debit cards.
You can also use Internet banking, instead of cards for online transactions.

Computers are used in business organisations for payroll calculation, budgeting, sales
analysis, fi nancial forecasting, managing and maintaining stocks. A lot of business
transactions happen through Internet and are called e-commerce. E-commerce
offers services pertaining to processing inventory management, transactions,
documentation, presentations, and gathering product information.

IT in Science and Engineering
Science and Engineering work is now being aided and simulated by the
IT infrastructure. For example, physics experiments can now be showed
by computer visualization. Many mathematical and scientifi c operations
are performed by Computer Aided Design (CAD) or Computer Aided
Manufacturing (CAM) applications used for drawing, designing and
for simulating and testing the designs. Nowadays, cars have signifi cant
amount of computer technology within them. In civil engineering, many of
the buildings and structural designs can fi rst be made on a software, and if
approved they are then built and made use of.
IT in Banking
IT has emerged as an important medium for delivery of banking products and services. The use of Internet has
enabled the banking operations to be faster which has resulted in saving time, effort and money. Every activity
of a bank is now online. The customer’s data and transactions are recorded by computers. Recurring deposits
(RDs), Fixed deposits (FDs), money transfer from one account to another (NEFT, RTGS), are all done using the
Internet. Bank customers use Automated Teller Machines (ATM) for cash deposits and withdrawal, or to view
current balance.

IT in Insurance
Computer programs serve an essential role in the insurance industry in a number
of areas. The policy makers rely on complicated algorithms to determine risk,
prices are determined by sophisticated programs that take information and
translate it into quotes and compliance and reporting regulations are prepared
using data from insurance software models.

IT in Marketing
In marketing of products, advertisements play a key role. The ads are made
and synthetic elements are added to the ad using IT tools. Companies market
their products by displaying ads on popular websites like Google, Quora,
Yahoo, Gmail, news websites and many more. Moreover, the goods can be
sold by showing them up on the e-commerce websites and selling them to
customers.
IT in Medical Science and Health Care

Advancement of IT has positively impacted the health care sector. Computers help in easing out inventory
management, patient management and various kinds of tests that are carried out at hospitals to check for health
of various internal organs. Many of the tests which are carried out with the help of computers are:
v Computerized Axial Tomography Machine: This is used to take 3D pictures of internal organs so that the
doctors can view them in order to diagnose the patients. In short, this is known as CAT.

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