Page 127 - Computer - 9(A&B)

Land Pollution Water Pollution Air Pollution
Pollution • Damage to the land • Adding harmful substances • Addition of harmful gases
because of harmful and disease causing bacteria and particles in air results
substances is known as and other microorganisms in air pollution.
land pollution. to rivers, lakes and oceans
results in water pollution.

Causes of • Cutting down forests. • Throwing waste in water. • Burning of fuels.
Pollution • Harmful pesticides and • Leakage from sewer lines. • Smoke from traffi c.
fertilisers. • Release of waste water from • Burning waste and remains
• Mining and heavy houses, farms and factories. of crops.
construction. • Accidental oil leakage from • Pesticides and fertilisers.
• Release of sewage, ships. • Smoke from factories.
toilet waste, waste from
houses/factories and • Dust from construction
sites.
chemical waste.

Effects of • Diseases such as • Diseases such as dysentery, • Respiratory problems and
Pollution dysentery, cholera and diarrhoea, jaundice, cancer.
typhoid. typhoid, etc. • Climate change, droughts,
• Less land is available for • Local earnings like tourism, famines and fl oods.
use of forests, farms or fi shing, etc. are adversely
homes. affected.
• Less drinking water.

Preventive • Reduce waste. • Do not throw waste into • Use renewable sources of
Measures • Segregate (separate) water bodies. energy.
waste products. • Do not throw chemicals, • Avoid polluting vehicles.
• Plant more trees. medicines, oils, etc. in the • Stop others from burning
drains.
• Adopt natural and waste and left-over crops.
organic farming • Avoid using pesticides and • Avoid pesticides and
methods. fertilisers. fertilisers which release
• Use biodegradable items. • Ensure proper treatment of harmful gases.
sewage and factory waste.
• Use water wisely.

Types of Pollution and its Causes, Effects and Preventive Measures.

Write ‘T’ for True and ’F’ for False for the statements.
1. Desalination of saline water is a good approach to conserve water.

2. Land, air and soil are abiotic components.

3. The marine ecosystems is not the biggest ecosystem.

109
109