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Mixed Referencing
Mixed Referencing is a combination of relative and absolute referencing. In mixed referencing, one part
of the cell address – column or row, is made absolute while the other part is relative, such as $A4 or A$4.
To understand the use of mixed referencing:
1. Prepare the worksheet as shown.

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2. Type the formula =$A2+B$1 in cell B2, and press the Enter key.

The result of the formula appears in cell B2.
3. Select cell B2 and drag its fill handle down to cell B4.

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4. Drag the fill handle of the cell range B2:B4 across to cell D4.
The calculated values appear in the cells.

5. Click each cell in the cell range B2 to D4 and observe the
formula in the Formula bar.
The cell reference $A2 uses an absolute reference for column A and relative reference for row 2. Similarly,
cell reference B$1 uses an absolute reference for row 1 and relative reference for column B. When the
formula is copied to other cells, the absolute part remains same while the relative part changes.

VIEWING FORMULAS
You can view all the formulas used in a worksheet at a glance.
• To view the formulas in a worksheet, on the Formulas tab, click the Show Formulas button in the
Formula Auditing group.

The formula used in each cell in the worksheet is displayed in the respective cell.

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