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Neuroscience : It studies the workings of the brain, including both unconscious and conscious
processes. It lets us learn how the brain stores information and processes learning?

Linguistics : It studies language and communication, including its symbols, syntax, and semantics. It
lets us model human communication and understand the relation between language and thought.
Biology : It studies living things. It explains how living things reproduce and evolve and their
mechanisms.
Thus, Artificial Intelligence can be defined as a field of science in which different disciplines converge
with the purpose of creating agents that have the ability to learn, to create models from their learning,
to make predictions based on those models and new data, and make autonomous decisions based
on those predictions and any environmental data.

Try This Logical Thinking
Identify and write the name of the discipline of learning from its description given below:

(a) Understanding the relation between languages and thoughts. _________
(b) Understanding how and why people behave in different ways. _________
(c) Understanding how the human brain processes learning. _________

(d) Understanding how to program human intelligence in terms of code and software. _________

HOW AI WORKS?

The biggest question in the development of AI was how to simulate human intelligence in machines.
AI attempts to make machines intelligent by letting them observe, analyse, testing, and updating their
knowledge after getting the feedback about their actions. Any approach to AI involves developing
proper algorithms for performing the above mentioned tasks.

SYMBOLIC AI

Symbolic AI refers to approaches to developing intelligent machines by encoding the knowledge
and experience of experts into sets of rules that can be executed by the machine. Thus, Symbolic AI
is also referred to as Rule-based AI. This was the main approach to AI applications from the 1950s.

The image given below describes a Rule-based system for a chatbot.

Symbolic AI can be implemented by two different approaches:

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