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11 How AI Works?

Pre-Processing
Pre-Processing
• Defining Artificial Intelligence • Disciplinary Approaches to AI
• How AI Works? • Symbolic AI
• Machine Learning AI • Factors Encouraging ML
• Types of Machine Learning

Artificial Intelligence is the concept of making machines behave like humans. It aims to provide
capabilities to machines that allows them to mimic human intelligence and display behaviour that is
similar to humans. But the definition of Artificial Intelligence, or AI as it is commonly called, changes
with context and has indeed done so since its inception.

DEFINING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Let us look at some definitions of Artificial Intelligence as proposed by different scientists and
computer developers.
1. AI can be defined as a branch of computer science
dealing with the simulation of intelligent behaviour in
computers.
2. It can also be defined as the capability of a machine to
imitate intelligent human behaviour.

3. Artificial Intelligence is the ability of certain machines
to do things that people are inclined to call intelligent.

DISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO AI
The various disciplines of learning and study that contribute towards AI’s developments and measure
its implementation are:
Computer Science: It studies the modelling, creation, and implementation of software that performs
the “intelligent” processes. It lets us determine how we can code behaviour and how to improve the
response time of a program.
Computer Engineering : It studies the construction of the hardware that becomes a computer. It lets
us decide how we can build a device that can be programmed to act “intelligently”.
Philosophy : It studies knowledge, values, reason, mind, logic, language, and ethics. It lets us decide
how we reach a logical conclusion given incomplete information and how to identify and represent
knowledge in terms of code.
Psychology : It studies the particularities of the mind, reasoning, and behaviour. It lets us study
behaviour, its causes and how to replicate it.
Mathematics & Statistics : It studies the numerical relations of objects and abstract representations.
It provides numerical tools to represent and operate models to represent knowledge.

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