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translates it into the machine language. A compiler also lists all errors in the program along with the
line numbers on which the errors have occurred.

Interpreter
An Interpreter is a language processor that converts
a high-level language program into a machine Source Code Interpreter Output
language program, line by line. It reads a line of
source code, converts it into machine code, and How Interpreter Works
executes it. If there is an error in the code, the
interpreter waits for the error to be corrected before proceeding.

Fourth-Generation Programming Language
(Close to Human Language)
A Fourth-generation programming language (4GL) is closer to human
language than any other high-level language. This language is designed
to reduce the overall time, effort, and cost of software development.

A fourth-generation language is often referred to as an object-oriented
programming language. SQL, Ruby, and NOMAD are examples of Fourth-Generation Languages
fourth-generation programming languages.

Fifth-Generation Programming Language (Visual Programming Language)
It provides a visual or graphical interface for developing a program. It is
normally associated with the field of Artificial Intelligence.
It allows the programmer to develop a program without having any
specialised knowledge of the language. Prolog and Mercury are
examples of fifth-generation programming languages. Fifth-Generation Languages

Database Subject Enrichment

Debugging is the process of finding and resolving bugs (defects or problems that prevent correct operation)
within computer programs, software, or systems. The term was coined by US scientist and Rear Admiral
Grace Hopper, in September 1947. While working on the Mark II system at Harvard University, her team
found a moth in one of the relays that prevented the system from working. She identified the moth as a bug
and the correction of the problem was termed debugging. Thomas Edison was the first person to use the
term bug with reference to problems and faults in the functioning of his devices.

Post-Processingost-Processing
P
 Some early computing devices were Abacus, Napier’s Bones, Pascaline Calculator, Analytical Engine,
and Stepped Reckoner.
 The successive generations of computers are characterised by the technology used in the computers,
such as vacuum tubes, transistors, integerated circuits, microprocessors, and Artificial Intelligence.
 Each new generation of computers resulted in smaller, cheaper, more powerful, and more reliable
computers.
 A computer language is a medium to exchange information between a user and a computer.
 Machine language, a low-level language, understands only binary digits – 0 and 1.
 Low-level languages are machine-dependent, tedious, and difficult to program with.
 High-level languages are machine-independent, structured, and programmer-friendly.

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