Page 18 - English Grammar - 5

There are some nouns that end in o, but do not take -es. They only take -s.

photo—photos logo—logos cargo—cargos zero—zeros

If a singular noun ends in -y, we change -y into -i and add -es to it.

city—cities body—bodies baby—babies lady—ladies

If a singular noun ends in -y preceeded by a vowel, we add -s to it.

valley—valleys monkey—monkeys day—days

We add -zes or -es to the nouns that end in -z.

quiz—quizzes buzz—buzzes fizz—fizzes
If a noun ends in an -o preceeded by a vowel, we only add -s to it.

bamboo—bamboos video—videos radio—radios

If a noun ends in -f or -fe, we drop the -f or -fe, and add -ves to it.

leaf—leaves half—halves wife—wives wolf—wolves

There are some nouns that end in -f, but do not take -ves. They only take -s.

For example: brief—briefs cliff—cliffs dwarf—dwarfs chief—chiefs

Some More Plural Forms
Singular and Plural Nouns
Some singular nouns are changed into plurals in an irregular manner.

mouse—mice goose—geese man—men foot—feet tooth—teeth

The man is a fighting. The men are fighting.
O O
Some nouns remain the same in both singular and plural forms.

fruit—fruit(s) sheep—sheep deer—deer fish—fish (fishes)
I saw a deer in the park.
O
The sheep were grazing beside the river.
O
Some nouns are used only in their plural form.

scissors, tongs, spectacles, jeans, trousers, shorts, pants

The scissors were very sharp.
O
These shorts are not new.
O
Some nouns end in -s, but they are used as singular.

news, mathematics, physics, billiards

The news seems true.
O
Is billiards your favourite game?
O
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