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Network Devices
Network devices are used to connect various devices in a network. Some network devices are:

Network Interface Card (NIC)
A NIC is a device that allows a computer to connect to a network. It is
usually a part of the motherboard. It allows both wired and wireless
connections between computers to exchange information over the
network.

Modem
A Modem converts digital signals from a computer into analog signals
(modulation), which can be carried over telephone lines or cables to another
computer. The modem at the receiving computer converts the analog signals
into digital signals (demodulation), which a computer can understand.

Hub
Hub is a device that connects
multiple computers in a Node 2
network. A hub receives a Node 1
data packet from a computer Hub
and forwards it to all other Node 3 Data from one node
connected computers. The destination computer accepts is transmitted to all
the data packet, while other computers ignore it. other nodes.

Node 4
Switch
Switch is also used to connect
multiple computers in a
network but is more intelligent Node 2
than a hub. A switch receives Node 1
a data packet from a computer, determines which
computer the packet is intended for, and sends it to Node 3 Switch Data from one node
that computer only. is transmitted to the
destination node only.

Node 4
Router
Router is a device that is used to connect multiple computer networks
together. A router is also capable of splitting large data packets into smaller
parts and transmitting them through different paths to the destination
computer.

NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

A Network Topology is the physical arrangement in which computers and other network devices are
connected with one another. Each independent device on a network is called a node.

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