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11 Algorithms and Flowcharts
Pre-Processing
Pre-Processing
• Algorithm • Flowchart
• Decision Making • Iteration or Loop
The set of instructions that directs a computer to perform a specific task is known as
program or software. The process of writing programs or software is called Coding or
Programming.
The qualities of a good program are clarity, objectivity, a logical sequence of steps, and
efficiency. A good program is easy to understand. It is aimed at performing a specific
task. It follows a sequence of steps that help it achieve its goal.
A program cannot be written without any preparation. The entire problem needs
to be analysed and its solution divided into small and simple steps that are easy to
understand by humans or a machine. This is achieved by two techniques – Algorithms
and Flowcharts.
ALGORITHM
An Algorithm is the first step in developing a program. It is a systematic and logical
procedure for solving a problem. It is written in a simple language, such as English, so
that one can easily understand the steps. A good algorithm helps us write effective and
efficient programs later in the programming language of our choice.
Let us consider some examples for writing an algorithm.
Example 1: Write an algorithm to buy a cake from a bakery shop.
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Take money. Go to a bakery shop. Select a cake.
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