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1 Computer Networking

Pre-Processing

• Applications of Computer Networking • Networking Terminologies
• Network Architecture • Types of Computer Networks
• Components of Computer Network • Network Topologies

• Protocols • Advantages of Computer Networking
• Disadvantages of Computer Networking

A computer network is a collection of computers or other devices
that are connected to each other in order to share data as well as
hardware and software resources. A computer network can be small,
with just two computers, or very large, with millions of computers
spread across the entire globe. Internet is an example of a global
computer network. A network can be wired or wireless.

Computer networks are commonly used in educational institutes,
business houses, hospitals, financial organisations, and media
houses. Computer networks remove time and distance barriers all
over the world and allow users to share information and communicate with each other.

APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER NETWORKING

An individual or an organisation may not have all the resources – software, hardware, or information –
needed for efficient and productive communication. The need to communicate with different people
in different parts of the world is paramount in today’s world. Computer networks provide a solution by
allowing users to connect, communicate, and share information and resources with each other.
1. Information and Resource Sharing − Computer networks allow organisations having units which
are placed apart from each other, to data, programs, software, and expensive hardware among
users.
2. Retrieving Remote Information − Through computer networks, users can retrieve information on
a variety of topics stored in remote databases to which the user gains access through information
systems like the World Wide Web.

3. Speedy Interpersonal Communication − Computer networks have increased the speed and volume
of communication like never before. Email is extensively used for sending texts, documents,
images, and videos across the globe. Online communications have increased manifold through
social networking services.

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