Page 81 - English Grammar - 8

Past Participle

The past participle indicates a completed action. It usually ends in -ed, -en, -d, -t or -n. It
acts as an adjective. For example:
The bruised knee should be immediately cleaned.
O
In the above sentence, the word bruised acts as an adjective.

I lost my watch.
O
In the above sentence, the word lost acts as a verb.

Perfect Participle

The perfect participle can be used to shorten or combine two or more clauses. For example:
The farmer ploughed his field. The farmer headed home.
O
Having ploughed his field, the farmer headed home.
He had grown up in Kolkata. He tried for a job in the same city.
O
Having grown up in Kolkata, he tried for a job in the same city.

Practice Time 1

Underline the infinitives and state whether they are objects, subjects, adjectives or adverbs in
the sentences given below.
1. To speak at that time was a mistake. _______________

2. All the children wanted to go to the zoo. _______________
3. He no longer had the will to live. _______________
4. We must work to earn a good life. _______________

5. It is a pleasure to cook for people who love food. _______________
6. Rahul likes to sing. _______________
7. He wants to buy a new house. _______________
8. To visit Rameshwaram is my plan this vacation. _______________
9. She is going to write a letter to her mother. _______________

Practice Time 2

Fill in the blanks with the correct gerund form of the verbs given in brackets.
1. She is good at _______________. (dance)
2. My mother is afraid of _______________ by plane. (go) Non-finite Verbs

3. Rahul is afraid of _______________ in the sea. (swim)
4. I don’t like _______________ cards. (play)
5. John dreams of _______________ a rockstar. (to be)

Practice Time 3

A. Fill in the blanks with the present participle form of the verbs given in brackets.
1. We are looking forward to the _______________ (excite) trip.
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