Page 123 - Computer - 5

11
11 Algorithms and
Algorithms and
Flowcharts
Flowcharts

Pre-Processing

• Algorithm • Flowchart
• Decision Making • Iteration or Loop

A computer is an electronic device which manipulates data according to a list of
instructions and converts it into information or results. The set of instructions that

directs a computer to perform a specific task is known as program or software. The
process of writing programs or software is called Coding or Programming.

The qualities of a good program are clarity, objectivity, a logical sequence of steps,
and efficiency. A good program is easy to understand. It is aimed at performing a

specific task. It follows a sequence of steps that help it achieve its goal. A good

program is efficient and takes the most direct path to its intended goal.

A program cannot be written without any preparation. The entire problem needs

to be analysed and its solution divided into small and simple steps that are easy to
understand by humans or a machine. This is achieved by two techniques – Algorithms

and Flowcharts.

ALGORITHM

An Algorithm is the first step in developing a program. It is a systematic and logical
procedure for solving a problem. It is written in a simple language, such as English, so

that one can easily understand the steps. A good algorithm helps us write effective

and efficient programs later in the programming language of our choice.

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