Page 94 - Maths Skills - 7

92 Maths

7. 12% of the employees in a factory are women and number of men employees is 264. Find the total
number of employees. Also find the number of female employees.
8. In an election, out of 105000 eligible voters, 65000 cast their votes. What was the percentage of eligible
voters casting their votes?

9. A DVD player has a marked price of ` 5488. After the declaration of the central budget its price reduced to
` 4802. What is the percentage decrease in the marked price of the DVD player?
10. The excise duty on an article is reduced from ` 820 to ` 738. Find the percentage reduction in the excise
duty on that article.
11. The price of a car increases from ` 195000 to ` 210600. Find the percentage increase in the price of
the car.
12. The speed of a train is 120 km/h. It is increased by 10%. Find the increase in the speed. Also find its
new speed.
13. A football team played 18 matches. The team won 8 matches and lost 4 matches and 6 matches ended
in a draw. What per cent of the matches did the team (i) win? (ii) lose?

14. In an examination a student must get 45% marks to pass. A student gets 54 marks out of 200. Express
his marks as a percentage. How many more marks should he get to pass the examination?

15. Rohit scored 565 marks out of 650 and Raman scored 420 marks out of 500. Whose performance
is better?

PROFIT AND LOSS
The words ‘Profit’ and ‘Loss’ are used very frequently in the field of business. In our day-to-day life, we purchase
goods from various shops. The shopkeepers purchase these goods either from wholesalers or directly from the
manufacturers by paying a certain price.
The price at which the shopkeeper purchases the goods is called the Cost Price (C.P.).
The price at which the shopkeeper sells the goods is called the Selling Price (S.P.).

Profit
If the selling price of an article is more than its cost price, then the shopkeeper earns a gain or profit.

Thus, if (S.P. > C.P.), then Profit = Selling Price – Cost Price
Loss

If the selling price of an article is less than its cost price, then the shopkeeper suffers a loss.
Thus, if (C.P. > S.P.), then Loss = Cost Price – Selling Price

Overhead Charges
Usually before selling the goods, a shopkeeper has to spend money in
addition to the price at which he buys them. For example, money spent on Fact-o-meter
transporting goods to his shop, or money paid for maintaining the goods in Profit per cent and loss
proper order. Such additional expenses are called overhead expenses. These per cent are calculated
expenses are added to the price at which goods were purchased. The total is with respect to C.P.
then taken as the effective cost price.
\ Real Cost Price = Price at which goods purchased + Overhead expenses

Formulae for calculating Profit % and Loss % are given below:
Profit Loss
Profit % = C.P. × 100; Loss % = C.P. × 100