Page 57 - Sst Class - X

• As the factories started expanding, the demand for workers increased. Most of the workers came
from the neighbouring districts in search of work.

• The pattern of industrialisation was affected by a series of changes. When the Swadeshi Movement
gained support, nationalists boycotted foreign clothes.
• The First World War gave Indian mills a big market for supplies like jute bags and uniforms, leading to
a production boom.

• Small-scale industries continued to predominate the rest of the country. Only a small proportion of
the total industrial labour force worked in registered factories.
• Manchester industrialists used labels to assure buyers of cloth quality, often featuring intricate
designs. Indian gods and goddesses appeared on these labels, and manufacturers used calendars
and ads to promote products and support the Swadeshi Movement.

EXERCISE
EXERCISE
Choose the correct answer

1. The first symbol of the new era was ____________. Its production boomed in the late 19th century.
a. Cotton b. Wool c. Silver d. Aluminium

2. Identify the famous Indian personality who was a pioneer in the field of modern industry.
a. J.N. Tata b. Ratan Tata c. Maneckji Petit d. Dwarkanath Tagore
3. Who invented the Spinning Jenny?

a. James Hargreaves b. Samuel Crompton c. Robert Richard d. Arkwright
4. With the expansion of railways in England from the 1840s and in the colonies from the 1860s, the
demand for __________ and __________ increased rapidly.
a. Iron and Steel b. Opium and Tea

c. Jute and Cotton d. Aluminium and Bauxite
5. James Watt patented the new engine in:

a. 1971 b. 1581 c. 1691 d. 1781
6. The “putting-out system” was replaced by:
a. The factory system b. The artisanal system
c. The handicraft system d. The domestic system

7. What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on women’s work?
a. Found better-paying jobs in factories b. Got excluded from industrial work

c. Restricted from doing traditional jobs d. Forced to work longer hours for lower wages
8. Why the new merchants could not set up business in the towns in Europe?
a. The government rules and restrictions became an obstacle

b. There were not enough markets and demand to start a business
c. The powerful trade guilds and urban crafts controlled the market

d. The town people were disinterested in new products

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