Page 81 - Math Skill - 2

Multiplication 79

Multiplication as Repeated Addition

Adding the same number again and again is called repeated addition.

For example, there are 4 baskets with 3 apples in each.

Here, the
apples are in

equally grouped.

How many apples are there in all?

There are 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 apples in all.

This is called repeated addition. All the equal groups are added to find

the total.

As there are four equal groups of 3 apples each, we say it as multiply

3 by 4 and write 4 × 3. ‘×’ is the sign of multiplication.

So, instead of adding the same number again and again, we can multiply
to find out the answer.

Terms of Multiplication

Consider the multiplication fact, 4 × 3 = 12

The number to be multiplied is known as the multiplicand.

The number by which the multiplicand is multiplied, is called the
multiplier. Multiplicand Multiplier Product

The answer, we get, is called the product.
4 × 3 = 12

Write the multiplication fact for each of the following. One has been

done for you.

2 + 2 + 2 = 6 3 × 2 = 6