Page 42 - Mathematics Class - X

Unit 3 Coordinate Geometryte Geometry
Coordina

ACTIVITY 3.1

OBJECTIVE
To verify the distance formula by graphical method.

MATERIALS REQUIRED
Cardboard Graph paper Glue Pen/pencil
Chart paper Ruler Geometry box

PRE-REQUISITE KNOWLEDGE
1. Concept of co-ordinates
2. Distance formula in coordinate geometry

THEORY
1. The system used to describe the position of a point in a plane, is called Cartesian system.

In Cartesian system, there are two perpendicular directed straight lines XX′ and YY′ which intersect each
other at point O (origin) (Fig. (a)).

2. The horizontal line XOX′ is called X-axis. The vertical line YOY′ is called Y-axis.

3. Quadrant: The intersection of X-axis and Y-axis divide the plane into four parts. These four parts are called
 1 
quadrants  th part numbered I, II, III and IV, anti-clockwise from OX (Fig. (b)).

 4 

Y
3

2
Y
1
II I
X' X Quadrant Quadrant
–3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3
–1 X' X
O
III IV
–2
Quadrant Quadrant
–3

Y' Y'
Fig. (a) Fig. (b)

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