Page 160 - Hindi - 8

dh bPNk ls vPNk gS fgEer ls la?k"kZ djukA fgEer gkjdj ejus dh bPNk djuk cqjh ckr gSA D;k rqe esjs fy,
FkksM+k&lk xje nwèk ykvksxh\¸

¶gk¡! vHkh ykbZA¸ lw •q'kh&•q'kh Hkhrj nwèk ykus pyh xbZA nksigj
esa MkWDVj tkWulh dks ns•us vk;kA mlus crk;k fd tkWulh dh gkyr fnekx yM+kvks
fnekx yM+kvks
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lpeqp csgrj gSA tkrs&tkrs mlus crk;k fd jkr Hkj ckgj cjiQ esa
jgus ls cgjeu dks U;weksfu;k gks x;k gSA vxj cgjeu nhokj ij vaxwj osQ iRrs
dk fp=k ugha cukrk rks D;k gksrk\
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nks&rhu fnu esa tkWulh dkiQh vPNh gks xbZ FkhA og cSBh LosVj cqu (Critical Thinking)
jgh Fkh rHkh pkSdhnkj us vkdj crk;k fd cgjeu dh vLirky esa

e`R;q gks xbZA lw us f•M+dh ls ckgj ”kehu ij iM+s gjs jax vkSj cz'k dks ns•kA vaxwj dh csy dk og gjk iRrk
vHkh Hkh gok esa >we jgk FkkA lw us tkWulh dks ckgj fn•k;k& ¶ns•ks] og gS cgjeu dh vuks•h dykÑfr!¸

nksuksa dh vk¡•sa Hkj vkb± vkSj os nsj rd ml iRrs dks ns•rh jghaA &vksú gsujh

jpukdkj ifj
jpukdkj ifjp;p;

izfln~èk vesfjdh ys[kd vksú gsujh (fofy;e flMuh iksVZj) dk tUe 11 flracj] 1862 dks xzhalcjks] mRrjh oSQjksfyuk
esa gqvk FkkA lksyg o"kZ dh mez esa mUgksaus LowQy NksM+ fn;k fiQj Hkh i<+us&fy[kus esa mudh xgjh jQfp cuh jghA cpiu
esa mUgksaus nokb;ksa dh nqdku esa dk;Z fd;kA fiQj LokLF; lqèkkj gsrq ,d pkjkxkg esa pys x,A ogk¡ ?kqM+lokjh vkSj taxyh
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,oa vfM+;y ?kksM+ksa dks o'k esa djuk lh[kkA blosQ ckn [ksrh&ckM+h osQ ,d nÝrj esa ukSdjh djus yxsA mUgsa thou esa tks
vuqHko gq, os mudh jpukvksa esa izfrfcafcr gksrs gSaA mudh dgkuh ^ân; ifjorZu* osQ vkèkkj ij eafpr ukVd ^miZQ ftEeh
oSysaVkbu* ml le; osQ loZJs"B ukVd osQ :i esa ljkgk x;kA ^n iQksl fefy;u* iqLrd ls mUgsa cgqr yksdfiz;rk izkIr gqbZA muosQ vU; izeq[k
dgkuh laxzg gSa& Lusg nhi] if'pe dh vkRek] 'kgj dh vkok”k] HkkX;&pozQ] fodYi] èkaèks dh ckr] thou&pozQ bR;kfnA e`R;q osQ i'pkr mudh
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rhu iqLrosaQ izdkf'kr gqb±& lisQniks'k Bx] vkokjk vkSj Hkwys&HkVosQA 5 twu] 1910 dks ek=k 47 o"kZ dh vk;q esa vksú gsujh dk fuèku gks x;kA

/;ku /kjks Q vk'kkoknh n`f"Vdks.k Q lsok&Hkko

Q fgEer u gkjuk

ewY;ijd iz'u
ewY;ijd iz'u (Value Based Question)
¶lw] rqe ugha tkurha] tSls gh csy dk vkf[kjh iRrk fxjsxk eSa Hkh ej tkm¡QxhA¸ tkWulh us ,slk D;ksa lkspk gksxk\
mlosQ bl dFku ls D;k izdV gksrk gS\

'kCnkFkZ (Word Meaning)

vfHk#fp & 'kkSd (zest) thou&fuokZg & isV ikyuk (earn living)
Hkh"k.k & xaHkhj] vR;fèkd (extreme) dyko`Qfr & dyk osQ :i esa cukbZ xbZ dksbZ jpuk
eukscy & eu dk cy] vkRe'kfDr (confidence) (art work)A
viyd & fcuk iyosaQ >idk, (gaze)

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